Poultrymed | Virus Persistence

In general, moisture and temperature are the two main determinants of viral persistence. At temperatures of 17 to 25 ºC most AI viruses will not survive longer than a few days, even under moist conditions. In general, higher humidity and cooler temperatures permit virus survival in moist substrates over longer periods of time (DEFRA, 2017)

Strain	Media	Persistence	Conditions	Reference
H7N2 HPAI	Duck faeces	7 days	20 ⁰C, high humidity when kept out of direct sunlight	Webster et al, 1978
H5N1 HPAI	Duck feathers	15 days	20 ⁰C, high humidity	Yamamoto et al., 2010
H5N1 HPAI	Drinking water	no virus identified after 3 days	20 ⁰C	Yamamoto et al., 2010
H7N2 LPAI	Chicken manure	6 days, 2 days	15 to 20 ⁰C, and at 28 to 30 ⁰C	Lu et al., 2003
H5N1 HPAI	Faeces	killed in 30 minutes	32-35 ⁰C, in sunshine	Songserm et al., 2006
H5N1 HPAI	Chicken manure	no virus identified after 24 hours	25 ⁰C	Chumpolban chorn et al., 2006
H13N7 LPAI	Cotton	24 hrs	Dark at room temperature	Tiwari et al., 2006
H13N7 LPAI	Latex	6 days	Dark at room temperature	Tiwari et al., 2006
H13N7 LPAI	Feathers	6 days	Dark at room temperature	Tiwari et al., 2006
H13N7 LPAI	Wood	2 days	Dark at room temperature	Tiwari et al., 2006
H13N7 LPAI	Truck tyre	3 days	Dark at room temperature	Tiwari et al., 2006
H7N1	Chicken Meat	5.9 days to reduce by 1 log	20 ⁰C	Londt et al APHA unpublished
H5 HPAI	Faeces	pH 7.2 >60 days; pH5 <1 day; pH 9>60 days	4 ⁰C	EURL
H5 HPAI	Litter (wood chip)	10 minutes		EURL
H5 HPAI	Chicken Breast meat	1 log decay takes 12 days – so if 10^4 logs of virus is detected, 48 days until no virus present.	4 ⁰C	EURL
H3N2 LPAI	Duck fecal material and nonchlorinated river water	32 days		Webster et al., 1978